Automatic wagon-brake



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shoot; l.

H. H. EMERY. AUTOMATIC WAGON BRAKE.

v a ,Ingfer J-Elrryjl'mery (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. H. H, EMERY.AUTOMATIG WAGON BRAKE.

No. 593.570. Patented Nov. 16, 1897.

'rus uanms Park-,as co, mo'ra'um.. wnsumafom D. c,

UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE,

HARRY H. EMERY, oF LAMARTINE, crno.

AuToMATlo wAGoN-BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 593,570, dated November16, 1897. Application filed January 23, 1897. Serial No. 620,416. (Nomodel.)

To aZZ whom it may cancer-n.-

Be it known that I, HARRY H. EMERY, a citizen of the UnitedStates,residing at Lamartinc,in the county of Carroll and State of Ohio,have invented a new and useful Automatic lVagon-Brake, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in automatic wagon-brakes.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction ofwagon-brakes and to provide one which will be purely automatic in itsoperation and adapted to check the forward movement of a Vehicle indescending a hill and capable of securely holding a vehicle when it isdesired to stop the same for any purpose in ascending or descending anincline.

A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic wagon-brakewhich can be readily arranged to permit a vehicle to be backed withoutOperating it.

The invention consists in the construction and novel combination andarrangement of parts hereinafter fully described,illustrated in thedrawings, and pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a running-gear provided withan automatic brake constructed in accordance with this invention; Fig. 2is a transverse sectional view on linex cc of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is alongitndinal sectional view of the front portion of the running-gear.Fig. 4 is a similar view of the rear portion of the running-gear. Fig. 5is a detail sectional view on line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detailview of the adjusting device for taking up the wear on the brake-shoes.Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are detail views illustrating the manner of mountingthe slide of the reach.

Like numerals of reference designate corresponding` parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

1 1 designate a pair of brake-levers disposed horizonta-lly and fulcrumed between their ends on a transverse bar 2, and having theirouter ends located in advance of and adapted to engage the hind Wheels 3of a running-gear. The outer ends of the brake-levers carry brake-shoes4, preferably constructed of wood and arranged in holders 5 in orderthat they may be readily replaced when worn.

The brake-levers are automatically operated by the forward movement of aload and also by the backward pressure of the tongue 6, so that thebrake is operative when the running-gear is provided with a body and isloaded and when it is not. v

The body, as illustrated in dotted lines in Figs. 3 and 4, is supportedby a front bolster 7, which is provided with atransverse roller 8, andby an loscillating bar 9, which is suspended by links 10 from thestandards ll of the rear bolster 12, and which is capable of backwardand forward movement. V'As the body or load shifts forward on therunninggear when the Vehicle is going downhillv it' carries thetransverse bar 9 forward and actuates the brake-levers by the meanshereinafter described.

The movable bar 9, which is provided at opposite sides of the Vehiclewith forwardly-extending arms, is connected by links 13 with arms 14 ofa transverse rock-shaft 15, and the latter is provided with a dependin gcentrallyarranged arm 16 and is connected with the sliding` bar 17 by arod 18. The rod 18 is pivoted at its rear end to the central arm 16 ofthe rock-shaft and its front terminal is secured to the lower face ofthe sliding bar 17, which is disposed transversely of the runninggear inrear of the brake-levers land which is arranged in suitable guides 19.The ends of the sliding bar are connected by short rods or links 20 withthe outer arms of the bralcelevers, and when the rock-shaft is rotatedby the forward movement of the transverse bar 9 the sliding bar 17 isdrawn rearward, carrying with it the outer portions of the brakeleversand applying the bralre.` The guides 19 are mounted on the upper facesof the rear hounds 21, which are arranged parallel and extend from therear axle to the ends of the transverse bar 2.

The transverse supporting-bar 2 is provided at its lower face with aloop 22, which embraces the reach 23, and the latter is secured to theloop by means of a horzontal pin 24, suitable perforations beingprovided for the reception of such pin to enable the runninggear to belengthened or shortened to the desired extent. The rear portion of therunning-gear is also supported by forwardlyconverging brace-rods 25,extending from the rear axle to the terminals of the loop 22.

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' ited, and the parts are properly adjusted to l Ain engagement with thehind wheels, the j spring-actuated bolt is permitted to engageA Theinner portions of the brake-levers are supported by guides 26, and theirinner terminals are co-nnected by links 27 with the inner adjacent endsof a pair of short transverse levers 28, which are f ulcrumed betweentheir ends on the transverse supporting-bar 2 and which are designed toincrease the leverage to the desired extent, in order that acomparatively slight backward pressure on the tongue 6 will effectuallyapply the brake.

The outer ends of the short transverse levers 28 are connected by links29 with the ends of an adjustable cross-bar 30, mounted on the rear endof a reach-slide 3,1. The reach-slide 31, which is arranged in asuitable longitudinal way 32, is provided at its rear end with a seriesof perforations adapted for the recept-ion of' a pin 33 or othersuitable fastening device to enable the cross-bar 30 to be movedbackward or forward on the, slide 31 to position the parts properly whenthe reach of the running-gear is adjusted for lengthening or shorteningthe said runninggear. The transverse bar 2 is provided With a centralmortise or recess to provide a passage for the coupling or reach-slide31, and by arrangin g the coupling-pin 24 horizontally it does notinterfere with the slide 31,.

The guides or ways 32 preferably consist of strips secured to the upperface of the reach and disposed longitudinally thereof, and thereciprocation of the slide 31 is regulated by an adjustable plate 34,which is provided at opposite sides with laterally-extending lugs 35,arranged in keepers or guides 36. The keepers or guides 3.6 are securedto the upper faces of 'the strips which form the ways 32.

The adjustable plate 34 is provided with longit-udinal slots 37, throughwhich pass fasteni'ng devices 38 of a cross-bar 39 to form a clip orclamp for securing the plate 34 to the slide 31. The rear end of theplate 34 is adapted to engage a rack 40, consisting of a series of teethlocated at the upper face of' the slide 31 and extending longitudinallythereof. The plate 34 is providedV at its front end'with a stem ortongue 41, arranged in a transverse guide or keeper 42, which is mountedon the upper face ofV the slide 31 and which is located in advance of`the guides 36. By this construction the movement or length ofreciprocation of'the slide, and also the tongue when the latter isfree,l is regulated and limaccommodate themselves to the position of theparts of the running-gear.

The front end of the reach-slide 31 is connected by a rod 43 Witha slide44, to which 'the tongue is pivoted, and the slide 44 and the tongue aremounted between the front hounds and are adapted to reciprocatelongitudinal'ly of the running-gear.V lVhen the tongue is forcedrearward by reason of the running-gear advancin g on the draft-animals`applying the brake. As the draft-animals move forward the hind wheelsare instantly relieved of the brake-shoes, so that the automatic brakedoes not offer any resistance to the forward movem ent of the Vehicle bythe animals.

In order to enable the wear of the brakeshoes to be readily taken up,the rod 43 is provided with an ad j usting device 45, which is clearlyillustrated in Fig. 6 of the accompanying drawings, and which consistsof sections 46 and 47 and a plate 48. The section 46 is provided with apair of loops 49, and the other section 47 has a series of openings 50,adapted to register'with an opening 51 of the section 46. The section47, which is adapted to slide in the loops 49, is secured at any desiredadjustment by the plate 48, which is provided at one end with adependinglug 51a, which extends through the opening 51, and which isadapted to engage one of the openings 50. The plate 48 is secured tothesection 46 by a suitable fastening device which retains the lug 51"*in engagement with the section 47. The adj usting device enables theconnections between the: tongue and the brake-levers to be lengthened tocompensate for the wear on the brake-shoes.

The slide 44 is bifurcated to receive the tongue 6, which is connectedwith the slide by a horizontal pivot-pin and is adapted to swing upwardand downward, its movement being limited by a keeper 52, located at thetop of the slide, and a plate located at the bottom of' the slideand'connecting the4 front ends of the hounds 5,3.

The whiffletrees are pivotally mounted on a plate 54, which is securedto the upper face of the slide 44, and they are. braced bya slottedplate or bar 55, which extends forward from a transverse plate 56, andwhich receives the pivot-bolt of the doubletree in its slot.

The slide 44 is provided at its upper face with recesses 57 and 58,adapted to. be engaged by a vertically-disposed spring-actuated ,bolt59, which is mounted in a suitable casing or housing 60. The casing orhousing 60 is recessed toform an arch, and a spiral spring, which isdisposed on the bolt 59, is interposed between the top of the housing orcasing and a stop of the bolt, whereby the latter is forced downward andis held'in engagement with the slide 44.

VVhen it is desired to lock the brake-shoes the recess 57, and when itisdesired to throw The spring-actuated bolt is operated by a v hand-lever61, located in front of the Wagonjbody in convenient reach of the driverand fulcrumed between its endson a support 62,4

`which rises from the plate 56, and which is j located directly abovethe slide44.

end of the hand-lever 61 is connected with the The front.

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spring-actuated bolt 59 by a rod 63, and the lever is provided With apawl and ratchet or any other suitable device to hold the springactuatedbolt out of engagement With the slide 44.

The front end of the reach 23 is arranged in a recess 65 of an axle bedor bar 66, and the shoulders formed by the recess 65 limit the crampingmoveinent of the front axle. By this construction the swing of the frontaxle is limited Whether a body is employed on the running-gear or not.

The bolster 7 is held rigid with the reach by means of braces 67,extending forward from the strips which form the ways 32, and theSand-board or bolster which is interposed between the axle bed or bar 66and the bolster 7 is recessed over the reach to provide a passage-wayfor the rod 43. The roller 8, which facilitates the shifting of theWagon-body or load, is' journaled in suitable bearings of the frontstandards 68, and the latter are also provided with Vertical rollers 69,arranged to engage the outer faces of the sides of the Wagon-body.

lVhen it is desired to lock a vehicle against backward movement whenascending a hill, a

brake-shoe 70 is engaged With the hind Wheels at the back thereof. Thebrake-shoe 70 is mounted on an arm of a bell-crank lever 71, which isfulcrumed at its angle at one end of the rear axle, and which extendslongitudinally of the running-bear at the inner face of the adjacenthind Wheel. The bell-crank lever 71, which is located above the centerof the hind Wheel, has a short arm 72, which carries a pivoted pawl 73,and the latter when released is adapted to engage a ratchet 74 of thehub of the hind Wheel, whereby when the Wheel moves backward the shortarm of the bell-crank lever 71 will be swung upward to carry thebrake-shoe into contact with the Wheel. The ratchet 74 may be of anydesired construction, and it consists of an annular series of stops orshoulders mounted on the hub at the inner end thereof.

The brake-shoe 70 is normally supported out of engagement with the hindWheel by a spring-rod 75, secured to the rear face of the rear bolsterand projecting beyond the adjacent end thereof. This resilient rod 75 isadapted to be readily depressed by the bellcrank lever 71 when the Wheeloperates to apply the brake.

The pivoted pawl 7 3 is supported out of engagenient with the ratchet ofthe hub by a transverse lever 76, which is fulcrumed between its ends onan arm of the rear bolster, and which is connected at its inner end to alongit-udinallydisposed connecting-rod 77. The connecting-bolster of therunning-gear and its front end is pivoted to one arm of a bell-cranklever 78, which is fulcrumed at its angle on a suitable bearing-bracket,and which has its other arm connected with the rod 63. At the frontbolster the connectingrod 77 is provided with a knuckle, which islocated substantially centrally over the pin bolt or pivot of the frontaxle in order to enable the connectionsto yield to the movements of thefront axle and the pole in turning or crarnping a Vehicle.

By manipulating the hand-lever 61 the outer arm of the transverse lever76 is swung rearward and the pivoted pawl is permitted to drop intoeng-agement with one of the teeth or stops of the ratchet 74. Theforward rotation of the hind Wheel has no effect on the bell-crank lever71, as the stops or teeth of the ratchet 74 will tend to throw thepivoted pawl forward away from them. t

The rear bolster has a horizontal ,bracket 79 secured to it, and thisbracket consists of a stem and a loop receiving and supporting thetransverse rock-shaft 15, which is also journaled at its ends insuitable bearings of the rear hounds. 'Inclined braces 80 support therear standards 11 and extend upward from the rear hounds to a pointbetween the ends of the standards 11.

It will be seen that the automatic brake is positive and reliable inoperation, that it operates when a vehicle is ascending or descending ahill, and that the parts may be readily arranged to perniit a Vehicle tobe backed freely.

Changes in the form, proportion, and minor details of construction maybe resorted to Without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any ofthe advantages of this invention.

What I claim is- 1. In a vehicle-brake, the combination with arunninggear, of brake-levers fulcrumed thereon and arranged to engag'ethe hind wheels, an oscillating` support mounted on the running-gear andadapted to receive and be actuated by, a Wagon-body or load, andvmechanism mounted on the running-gear and connected directly to theoscillating support and to the brake-levers, whereby the brake will beapplied when the Wagon-body or a load shifts forward, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a vehicle-brake, the combination with a running-gear, of anoscillating support located above the rear axle and provided with armsor links suspended from the rear standards, said 'support being adaptedto receive a Wagon-body or load, brake mechanism arranged to engage thehind Wheels, and mechanism mounted on the running-gear and connecteddirectly to the oscillating support and to the brake mechanism,substantially asdescribed.

3. In a vehicle-brake, the combination with a running-gear, of anoscillating support located above the rear axle and provided With linkssuspended from the rear standards, a transverse rock-shaft' journaled ontherunning-gear, links connected to the oscillating support and to therock-shaft and asliding bar mounted on the running-gear and connectedwith the rock-shaft, substantially as described.

4. In a vehicle-brake, the combination with a running-gear, of anoscillating support mounted on the running-gear above the rear axle andprovided With links suspended from the rear standards, a transverserock-shaft journaled on the running-gear and provided with armsconnected with the oscillating support, said rock-shaft being alsoprovided with.

a centrally-arranged arm, a sliding bar arranged transversely of therunning-gear in suitable guides and connected With the central arm ofthe rock-shaft, and brake-levers fulcrumed on the running-gear andconnected With the sliding bar, substantially as described. V.

5. In a Vehicle-brake, the combination With a running-gear, of a pair ofbrake-levers fulcrumed between their ends on the runninggear andarranged to engage the hind Wheels, a sliding bar disposed transverselyof the running-gear in suitable guides thereof and connected With thebrake-levers, a transverse rock-shaft journaled on the running-gear andconnected With the sliding bar, and means for eonnecting the rock-shaftWith a Wagon-body or a load, Whereby When the Wagon-body moves forwardon the running-gear, the brake mechanism will be operated, substantiallyas described.

6. In a Vehicle-brake, the combination with a running-gear, of a leverfulcrumed at one side of the running-bear adjacent to one of the hindWheels, and extending rearward, a brake-Shoe or similar device carriedby the lever and arranged to e'ngage the hind Wheel at the back-thereof,and a pawl connected With the lever and adapted to engage the hindWheel, Whereby the brake is'applied, substantially as described.

7. In avehicle-brake, the combination with a running-gear, of abrake-lever disposed longitudinally of the running-gear at the innerface of one of the hind Wheels and arranged to engage the same at theback thereof, said lever being located above the center of the Wheel, apivoted paWl connected With the lever and arranged to engage the hub ofthe Wheel Whereby When the latter rotates rear- Ward the l'ever Will becarried into engagement With it, and means for holding the pivoted pawlnormally out of engagement With the hub of the Wheel, substantially asdescribed.

8. In a Vehicle-brake, the combination With a running-gear, of a ratchetarranged on the hub of one of the hind Wheels, a bell-crank leverarranged at the inner face of the hind Wheel and located above thecenter thereof, said lever being fulcrumed at its angle, a brake-Shoelocated at the rear end of the lever and arranged to engage the back ofthe hind Wheel, a paWl pivoted to the front end of the lever and adaptedto swing downward into engagement With the ratchet, and means forholding the paWl out of engagement With the ratchet, substantially asdescribed.

9. In a Vehicle-brake, the combination With a running-gear, of a leverfulcrumed on the same at the inner face of one of the hind Wheels andextendin g rearward from the rear axle, said lever having its rear endarranged to engage the back of the hind Wheel, a springrod mounted onthe running-gear and holding the lever normally elevated out ofengagement With the hind Wheel, said spring-rod being adapted to bereadily depressed When the brake is applied, and a paWl connected withthe lever and arranged to engage the hind Wheel, substantially as andfor the purpose described.

10. In a vehicle-brake,the combination With a running-gear, of a leverfulcrumed thereon and located adjacent to the inner face of one of thehind Wheels, the rear end of the lever being arranged to en gage theback of the Wheel, a pawl carried by the lever and arran ged to engagethe Wheel, atransverse lever fulcrumed on the running-gear and holdingthe paWl normally out of engagement With the Wheel, a longitudinalconnecting-rod extending forward from the transverse lever, anOperating-lever and a bell-crank lever connected With the said rod andWith the operating-lever, substantially as described.

11. In a vehicle-brake,the combination with a running-gear provided atits reach With suitable longitudinal Ways, a reciprocating slide mountedin the ways and provided with' a rack, guides arranged at opposite sidesof the slide, an adjustable plate engaging the rack and having lugsfitting in the said guides, Whereby the reciprocation of the slide islimited, brake mechanism connected with and operated by the slide, and atongue connected With the slide, substantially as described. l

12. In a vehicle-brake,the combination with a running-gear provided Withsuitable ways, a slide mounted in the Ways, a plate adjustably securedto the slide land provided with laterally-extendin g lugs, guideslocated at opposite sides of the slide and receiving the said lugs, andbrake mechanism connected with and actuated by the slide, substantiallyas described.

13. In a vehicle-brake,the combination With a running-gear provided withsuitable Ways, of a slide mounted therein and provided With a rack, anadjustable plate arranged on the slide,I provided With longitudinalslots and enp gaging the rack, fastening devices passing through theslots of the plate and clamping the latter to the slide, lugs projectinglaterally from the plate, guides arranged at opposite sides of the slideand receivingl the lu'gs, brake-levers, and a cross -bar adjustablymounted on the slide and connected with the brake-levers, substantiallyas described.

14:. In a vehicle-brake,the combination With a running-gear, of a slidemounted between the front hounds and bifurcated at its front end, atongue pivoted in the bifurcation of the slide, a vertically-disposedspring-actuated bolt arranged to engage the slide to lock the sameagainst movement, and brake mechanism connected with the slide,substantially as described.

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15. In a vehicle-brake, the combination With a running-gear, of a slideInounted between the front hounds and provided with recesses, aspring-actuated bolt arranged to engage the recesses, a hand-level'connected With the bolt and fulcrumed on the rnnning-gear, and brakeinechanism connected With the slide, substantiaiiy as described.

16. In a vehicle-brake, an adjustinr device comprising two Sections, oneof the Sections being provided with loops and the other sec-

